Raja Ram Mohan Roy Biography pdf -Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the founder of Brahmo Samaj, the innovator of the linguistic press of India, the pioneer of social reform and mass awakening movement, and the father of the Renaissance era in Bengal.
He is called the father of Renaissance and modern India. He gave momentum to both fields by skillfully combining India’s freedom struggle and journalism. Raja Ram Mohan Roy has an important place in the field of religious and social renaissance in India.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy had an immense love for the Hindi language. He strongly opposed the conservative and regressive practices, but he had more place in his heart for Indian culture, tradition, and national pride. Journalism was promoted by the movement started by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and he guided the movements properly through journalism. Many examples of his foresight and ideology are found in history.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a full supporter of independence but his wish was that the citizens of this country should understand the value of the price of independence.
Some people were of the opinion that Raja Ram Mohan Roy was trying to make Indian society suffer from an inferiority complex by flaunting his zamindari and becoming an invisible soldier of the British. Raja Ram Mohan Roy became the target of criticism for praising British rule, British civilization, and the British language.
It is even said that Raja Ram Mohan Roy had paved the way for the establishment and empowerment of the British rule in India.
He had no direct involvement in the freedom movement and his life ended in Britain, yet he failed to understand British diplomacy and could not show the right path to the people of India. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born on 22 May 1772 in Radhanagar village of Hooghly district of Bengal.
His father’s name was Ramakant Rai and his mother’s name was Tarini Devi. His grandfather’s name was Krishnachandra Banerjee. He was serving the Nawab of Bengal. It was there that Krishnachandra Banerjee was given the title of Rai. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was given the title of Rai by the Mughal Emperor because he clearly described the position of the Mughal government in front of the British government.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy had knowledge of many languages. He was a versatile talent and a polyglot. He had proficiency in languages like Bengali, Persian, Arabic, Sanskrit, Hindi, English, Greek, French, Latin etc. He was able to express all these languages with complete proficiency. This shows that Raja Ram Mohan Roy did not believe in idol worship.
An English newspaper had written that Rajaji should be made the Governor General because he is neither a Hindu, nor a Muslim, nor a Christian. In this position, he is capable of assuming the charge of the Governor-General with complete impartiality.
Despite belonging to a completely Vaishnav family, Raja Ram Mohan Roy had faith and respect for other religions. King Ram Mohan Roy, who had faith and belief in monotheism as described in the Vedas and Upanishads, had deeply studied the religion of Islam.
It is absolutely right for him to say that Raja ji was not only the embodiment of Hindu resurgence but Raja ji can be called a secularist in the true sense.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy wrote a book named ‘Tufar Bul Muadin’ in the Persian language to support monotheism, the preface of which was also written in the Persian language.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s book ‘Vedanta Sar’ was published in 1816, in which it strongly condemned theism and rituals. While working under the East India Company in Rangpur for his livelihood, he succeeded in becoming the Diwan of the Collectorate of Rangpur.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a versatile person. He always had the idea of doing something new. He had acquired basic knowledge of the Bengali language in his village itself. Rai completed his higher education in Patna.
In Patna itself, he acquired knowledge of Arabic and Persian languages, then he met Sanskrit scholar Nand Kumar who made the king proficient in Sanskrit and also gave him the knowledge of Tantra Mantra.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy married three times in his lifetime. At that time marriage between two different castes was called inter-caste marriage.
His first marriage took place at a very young age. Raja Ji’s first wife supported him for a very short time. Again the king got married for the second time. His second wife also had a long life. Rajaji had two sons from his second wife whose names were Radhaprasad and Ramprasad.
Raja ji again married for the third time with Uma Devi who supported Raja ji throughout his life. Raja Ram Mohan Roy died in England on 27 September 1833. Raja Ram Mohan Roy traveled to Tibet to study Buddhism. After returning, to support his family, Ram Mohan Roy worked as a clerk in the East India Company and acquired knowledge of Greek, English, and Latin languages.
At the age of 40, he left his job and started doing social service by living in Calcutta. He opposed the practice of Sati prevalent in the society at that time and strongly opposed superstition, polygamy, and the caste system. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was in favor of widow remarriage and made every effort to give his daughters rights in their father’s property.
In 1814, he formed ‘Atmiya Sabha’ which was a reflection of his liberal outlook. The purpose of the intimate meeting was that God is one. To clearly define the concept of one God, Rajaji founded the Brahmo Samaj, which later came to be known as ‘Brahmo Samaj’. The good and quality things of all religions were included in it.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy had achieved a great achievement in his life by ending the practice of ‘Sati’. Raja ji had made a lot of efforts to declare the practice of Sati legally punishable. He had launched a continuous movement against this inhuman practice through newspapers and platforms. There was strong opposition to this Sati movement, due to which at one time the life of the king was in danger.
The king was also attacked by the enemies but he was not deterred. It was the result of the king’s full and continuous support that in 1829 Lord William Vatinck was successful in his effort to stop this practice of Sati.
When the staunch supporters of Sati Pratha submitted an application before the Privy Council in England, then Raja Ram Mohan Roy, on behalf of his progressive thinking friends and fellow workers, presented his stand against Sati Pratha in the British Parliament.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was very happy when the Privy Council rejected the application of the supporters of Sati. Raja Ram Mohan Roy stood in the first line of humanist reformers of the world for the abolition of the Sati system.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy has done influential work in the history of modern India. He translated Indian Vedic literature into English language and also founded the Brahmo Samaj.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy practiced the Upanishads in the Vedanta school of philosophy. He tried to develop Indian Sanskrit by removing Western Sanskrit from India.
Brahmo Samaj had a commendable role in building the modern society in India. Raja Ram Mohan Roy established many schools which helped in building the modern Indian society and made education available to more and more people.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a person of polite nature but he strongly opposed injustice. At that time, a rule had become prevalent in the British Empire that if any British officer was seen, then any Indian person had to get down from his horse and salute that British officer, otherwise that person would be accused of insulting the British officer. Was.
A similar incident also happened with Rajaji when he was going to some other place in a palanquin when the Collector of Calcutta, Sir Frederick Hamilton, encountered Ram Mohan Roy. Unknowingly the person carrying the palanquin did not see the collector and moved ahead. Seeing this, Collector Hamilton became angry and immediately ordered to stop the palanquin.
The palanquin was stopped but the Collector, in his position, did not listen to a single word of Ram Mohan Roy and insulted him a lot. At that time Ram Mohan Roy did not say anything as he swallowed the insult but he complained about this shameful incident to Lord Minto. With his efforts, Raja Ram Mohan Roy succeeded in getting a law passed against this uncivilized rule.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy started Atmiya Sabha in 1814 and founded Brahmo Samaj in 1828. In 1830, he went to England and ignited the flame of Indian education.
It was only after Raja Ram Mohan Roy that Vivekananda and other Indian personalities raised the flag of India in the West. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the first Indian to be consulted on Indian matters by the British Parliament.
It was he who, during his stay in England, agitated for reforming the administrative system of British India between 1831 and 1834. This Indian social reformer died on 27 December 1833 in Bristol, England. The Indian community will always be grateful to Raja Ram Mohan Roy for his efforts to oppose and eliminate all these evils.
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